Addiction is one of the most intensely studied conditions in modern medicine, yet even with high‑resolution brain scans and genetic tools, scientists still cannot fully explain why some people get ...

Addiction is a state of severe physical and psychological dependence on certain substances. People living with addiction may have brain differences and often require treatment, but stigma can prevent ...

We need a new paradigm for addiction that puts psychology first and recognizes its heterogeneity. Only then will we see that ...