Neurodegenerative disease profoundly affects structures and pathways responsible for memory, cognition, and higher-order ...

A study published in Nature on August 6, 2025, found that lithium is the only metal significantly depleted in the prefrontal ...

Fear response to traumatic or threatening situations helps us evade or escape danger. At the same time fear response is learned in the form of association between stimulus or situation and the ...

Recent neuroscience studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have enhanced our understanding of how sleep is related to learning and memory. A study just reported in the journal ...

Schematic model showing how memory is consolidated in the prefrontal cortex and how circuitry through the amygdala shifts as hippocampal engram cells become silent and cortical engrams become active.

Over the course of their lives, animals form associations between sensory stimuli and predicted threats or rewards. These associations can, in turn, shape the behaviors of animals, prompting them to ...

Expert tells ‘Post’ why brain remembers pain and why it must forget ...