Type 2 diabetes alters the behavior of discs in the vertebral column, making them stiffer, and also causes the discs to change shape earlier than normal. As a result, the disc's ability to withstand ...

In Panderichthids (rhipidistian fish ancestors of amphibians), 2 sets of ossifications are present in the centra region. At posterior end, below the neural arch, are pleurocentra. This element gave ...

A study conducted by researchers from the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin revealed the evolution of ossification patterns in the backbones of four-legged vertebrates. Antoine Verrière and his ...

One of the riddles of mammal evolution explained: the strong conservation of the number of trunk vertebrae. Researchers of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center and the University of Utah show that this ...

When a terrestrial vertebrate stands, its body hangs from the vertebral column which supports the weight of the trunk like the arch of a suspension bridge and transmits it to the ground by two sets of ...

Study design: A theoretical model of spinal stability is proposed. Objective: To present a biomechanical study in vitro using flexibility and loading tests of the normal lumbar spine and of two lumbar ...

Our spinal column is different from that of apes because — yes, you guessed that right — we walk upright on two feet. But when did our distinctive back structure first evolve? The skeleton of an early ...

The hierarchical structure of the intervertebral disc (approximately 45–55 mm diameter in the human lumbar spine and 2.5–5 mm in the rat coccygeal spine) is composed of the outer fiber-reinforced ...

One of the riddles of mammal evolution is explained: the conservation of the number of trunk vertebrae. Dutch and American researchers have shown that this conservation is due to the role of speed in ...