The Kerberos authentication method originated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the 1980s, as part of a project called Athena. The project involved integrating the computers on the MIT ...
Server: Fully-patched 2008 R2, running Certificate Services. The /certsrv virtual directory is using (I believe) default settings. Specifically, this means it's using Windows Authentication, with NTLM ...
The various versions of Windows have used Kerberos as its main authentication protocol for over 20 years. However, in certain circumstances, the OS has to use another method, NTLM (NT LAN Manager).